Type-writing-telegraph system.



F. GHI() TYPE WRITING TELEGRAPH'SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9. |913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Oct. 29, 1918.

FREDERICK GHIO, OE BRISTOL, CONNECTICUT, AssIeNoR or ONE-TENTHfTO JEROMEVCCARIO, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICU'L TYPE-WRITING-TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent... Patented Oct. 29, 1918.

Application led March 9, 1918. Serial No. 221,400.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FREDERICK GHIO, a citizen of Italy, residing atBristol, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing-Telegraph:

Systems, of which the following is a specificatlon.

My invention relates to improvements in type-writing telegraph systemswherein a type-writer of special construction for closing certainelectrical circuits is used for the transmitting device and serves tooperate a type-writing device at the receiving station for writing themessage, and the object of my improvement is to produce a system thatoperates in a simple and reliable manner and by the use of twoline wiresonly -for connecting the sending and receiving stations.

In the accompanying drawing Figure l is a diagrammatic plan view of myimproved type-writing telegraph systema Fig. 2 is a planview, on anenlarged scale,

' of part of the transmitting apparatus shown in Fig. Fig. 3v is a planview of part ofthe receiv- -ing apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

In the representation of my improved type-writing telegraph system shownin the drawing, which is diagrammatic throughout, the apparatus at thetransmitting station is designated by the-character T, and whichincludes the electric generator Cr, and the apparatus at the receivingstation is designated by the character It, and the two stations areconnected by two line wires designated respectively by the characters Band C and` through the ground by means of ground connections g providedat the transmitting station for one side of the generator- G and at thereceiving station for the ends of the two line wires B and C.

Key-boards 10 and 11 are provided, one at each station, having similararrangements for the keys and similar markings therefor, the markingscorresponding to the letter or character to be transmitted andconforming in general to the markings used in typewriters, includingdouble marking for the keys with suitable shift and shift release, andthe keys at both the sending or transmitting and the receiving stationsoperate type-writing devices simultaneously while coperating in thesendin n of a message. That is to say, at the sen ing station there arepaper operating devices that are operated after. the manner of operationin type-writers generally or in any proper or suitable manner so that atype-written record of the message as transmitted is obtained, the keysfunctioningas type-writer keys simultaneously While functioning astransmitting devices. The function as a transmitting device in thepresent instance comprises the selective closin of ,certain electriccircuits. At the receiving station the keys function to selectivelyoperate to the opera-tion of the corresponding keys of the transmittingstation and in so doing they serve to produce a type-written record ofthe message. V

The present. invention pertains to the feature of'the selectiveoperation of the keys.

As a detail in the arrangement of the keyboards I arrange the keys inparallel rows both longitudinally and transversely and with the samenumber of keys in each row as shown being seven in each row. Thus thekeys are arranged in the form of a square that is formed by a total of49 keys.

y Cooperating with the keys of each row, th in the longitudinal .and thetransverse direction, is a resistance 12 or 12', at the transmittingstation and at the receiving station there is a relay 13 or 13 for eachrow.

The rows of keys at both stations are numbered for convenienceconsecutively from 1 to 7 inclusive from left to right for thelongitudinal rows and from 1 to 7 inclusive for the transverse rows andany individual key may be designated by the intersection of particularrows. rllhus the marking for the key at the intersection of rows 3 andf1 or briefly, 3, 4, as shown, is Si Considering the details of theindividual keys at the transmitting station T, each of these comprisesthe tip 111 at the upper end with the proper marking, as shown in fulllines in Fig. 1 andin broken lines in Fig. 2, and below the said tip 14there is a circuit closing device or switch for producing a doublecircuit closing effect-composed or" a Contact arm 15 anditwocontacts 16and 1'?.

rIhe Contact armor switch arm l5 is in each case connected to theungrounded main 18 from the generator G. That is to say, all of thecontact -arms 15 are connected to the generator.

row and all of the resistances 12 are con-v The different contacts 16and 17 are conother of the'line wires B and C.

Thus the contacts 16 for each longitudinal row, such as/1 or 7, areconnected to a common short main 19 which is c onnnected to theresistance 12 adapted-to the particular nected to the main B.

Similarly in the case of the transverse rows the contacts 17 of eachtransverse row, such as 1' or 7', are all connected to a common shortmain 19', which in turn is connectedA to the individual resistance 12'adapted to the particular row, and all of the resistances 12', which maybe designated as transverse row resistances, are connected to the mainC.

. Considering the details ofthe individual keys at the receivingstation, these comprise the tip said tlp is a magnet which is designatedin Fig. '3 diagrammatically by the coil 20.

The coils 20 have their'two terminals connected by short mains arrangedto correspond to the lay-out of the keys in rows',

there being one such short main for each longitudinal row and one foreach transverse row, one terminal being connected to a longitudinalshort main and the other to a transverse short main.

Thus, as shown in Fig. 3, one terminal of the coil 20 is in each caseconnected to longitudinal short main 21 that is common to all of thecoils 20 in the same longitudinal v 4. row, and the other terminal isconnected to a transverse short main 21' that is common to all of thecoils 20 in the same transverse row: Y

Each short main 21, 21 terminates in a contact point 22, 22 that is partof the relay structure of the'relay 13, 13' of the particular row.

The contact points 22, 22' are normally out of contact with the movingarm or moving part 23, 23' of the relays 13, 13' and they make contacttherewith when the magnet portion 24, 24' thereof is energized.

Considering the relays 13, 13', these are similar and comprise in each'Acase the magnet 24, 24', the armature 'operated thereby and incorporatedinthe structure of the swinging` arm 23, 23', the spring 25, 25' thattends to draw the swinging arm 23, 23

away from the magnet .24, 24', the contact points 22, 22' alreadymentioned as normally out of contactwith the swinging arm 23, 23', andthe cont-act point 26, 26' on the opposite side of the swinging arm fromthe contact point 22, 22' and normally held in contact with the saidswinging arm' by the action of the spring 25, 25'. A

' Considering the positioning of the relays, there is a relay in eachlongitudinal row and 14 at the upper end and below the one in eachtransverse row, the selectivel feature of each relay being the contactpoint 22, 22 at the end of the short main 21, 21'. The relays 13 arearranged in atransverse row above the keys in the receiving station, asshown in Fig. 1 and when 'individually energized they connect the shortmain 21 ofthe row corresponding to the particular relay to theparticular relay arm 23 and thereby connect one terminal of -all of themagnet coils 20 of the particular row to the said relay arm 23.

The relays 13' arearranged in a longitudinal row at the right of thekeys and they serve in a manner similar to that described above whenindividually energized to connect the other terminal of all of themagnets 20 in the particular transverse row to the corresponding relayarms 23'.

The magnet coils of all of the relays in one row are connected in seriesand are in the circuit of'onerof the main lines.

, Thus, as shown, the coils of the magnets 24 of the relays 13 areconnected in series and are in circuit with the main line B and themagnets 24' of the relays 13' are connected in series and are in circuitwith line wire C. v

The return circuits for the line Wires B and C to the generator in eachcase is through the ground by means of the ground connections g. t

The individual magnets 20, as will be noted, are each a member of alongitudinal row vof magnets and also a member of a transverse row,being positioned at an intersection oftwo such rows, and they have oneterminal connected to the corresponding longitudinal short main and theother to the corresponding transverse short main, and these mainsarenormally each open circuited at the corresponding relay, and to completethe circuit through each magnet coil 20 the verse row must be operated.

All of the relays 13, which may be designated as the longitudinalrelays, receive the same current, but have their springs 25 adjusted sothat they respond to different current strengths, the relay 13 at theend of the row 1, the first at the left, being adjusted to respond tothe Weakest current, the relay 13 at the end of row 7, the oneat theextreme right, being adjusted to respond only to the strongestcurrent ofall, and the intermediate relays 13 being graduated in their adjustmentsin order between the limits of row 1 and row 7.

In a similar way the relays 13' receive the same current and they areadjusted so that the relay in the bottom row 1 responds to the weakestcurrent of all and the relays above this are graduated in theiradjustrelay 13' at the end of the particular transv ments in order so asto respond to higher current stren hs only with the relay 13 in thel toprow adjusted to respond only to the maximum quantity of currentof anyand all in the row.

The relays 13 and 13 by the movements of theircontact arms 23 and 23between the normally open contacts 22 and 22 on the inner or magnetsides of the said arms and the normally closedcontacts 26 and 26 on theouter or spring sides of the said arms control the selected 'admissionof current to the key magnets 20 in a local circuit that is suppliedwith current from a suitablesource of current, such as the battery 27,one set of relays serving to make connection to one lead from the saidbattery and the other set making connection to the other lead. Thebattery lead is connected to the contact arm of the end relay and thecurrent is conducted further successively through the outer contacts 'tothe next contact arm inthe series up to and through the particular armwhose relay coil happens to be energized so that contact is made betweenthe said particular arm and the corresponding inner contact instead ofthe outer contact. Thus the remaining contact arms in the row are cutout of the circuit and in lieu thereof connection is made to an entirerow of key magnets through the corresponding short main.

Thus, as shown, the positive lead of the battery 27 is connected to thecontact arm 23 of the relay 13 at the right hand end of the row ofrelays, being the one in the longitudinal row 7, and the outer contact26 that coperates with the said arm is connected `by ashort lead 28 withthe contact arm 23 in the next row, which is longitudinal row 6, and thesuccessive outer contacts 26 and arms 23 are interconnected in a similarmanner.

ln a similar manner the negative lead from the battery 27 is connectedto the contact arm 23 at the top of the row ci relays 13 that arepositioned individually at the ends of the transverse rows ci keys andkey magnets 20, or row 7, and short leads 28 connect the outer contacts26 successively with the following arms 23 of the series. Also thelcurrent is led through successive arms 23 and Contact points 26 up toand through the particular contact `arm that happens to be shunted fromits' normal position by reason of the energizing of its relay magnet.Thence the current is shunted along the corresponding transverse shortmain 21 and may pass along the coil of any one of the key magnet coils20 of the row to the corresponding longitudinal vshort main 21.

rl`hus the energizing of a particular key magnet 20 and the operation orthe particular key connected therewith are edected by energizing tworelays, one being in the corresponding longitudinal row andthe other inthe corresponding transverse row, the magnet 20 that is operated beingat the intersection of the two particular rows.

The selective operation of the relays'is controlled by means ofdifferences in the resistances 12 and 12 that are positioned in serieswith the different short mains 19 and 1.9 of the transmission apparatus.

These resistances are adjusted so that in the case of the lon itudinalshort mains 19 the one at the left, 1n row 1 is the maximum of the setand the other resistances 12 to the right in order are successively ofless resistance, the resistance 12 in row 7 at the right being theminimum. All the resistances '12 are connected to main B, as mentioned,which connects with relays 7 to 1 inclusive. `Thus impulses of sevendifferent degrees of strength may be Sent through these particular relaycoils along main line 13,'depending in each case upon the particularlongitudinal row of the particular transmit-ting key that is depressed.

The gradation of the relay springs 25 has already been explained. Bysuch gradation, while the same current passes through all of the relaycoils in the row, the relay 13 in row 1 at the left responds to the weakcurrent that corresponds to the maximum resistance 12 of row 1 of thetransmitting station, the intermediate relays in order being responsiveto the intermediate current values, and the relay 13 in the last row 7to the rightbeing responsive only to vthe maximum current value of theset.

ln a similar way the resistances 12 for the di'erent transverse rows ofthe transmitting station are adjusted tocoperate with the springadjustments of the relays 13 for the 105 diderent transverse rows of thereceiving station, the resistance 13 in the bottom row l being a maximumfor the series, that at the top row 7 being the minimum, and those torthe intermediate rows being graduated in order. Also, in a particularcase of operating a lrey at the transmitting station the correspondingresistance 12 is connected through line main 'C in the circuit with allor the relays 7 through inclusive.

As described., in sending a message by the arrangement described, twoline wires are used and there is a choice of seven dierent intensitiesor current to be sent over each wire, thus providing as a possiblenumber 120 of combinations available of these intensitiesor impulsecombinations a total of fortynine, which corresponds to the number ofkeys provided at each station.

Each transmitting key when depressed 125 serves to send a chosenimpulse, being one oi the seven available, along main line wire andsimultaneously to send a chosen impulse, being also one of a group ofseven available but a di'erent group from the 130 other seven mentioned,along main line wire C.

, At the receiving station the responsive action due to the operation ofthe partlcular transmitting key as mentioned compr1ses the operation ofone articular relay 1n mam line B and also t e operatlon of' oneparticular relay in main line C. The operatlon 0f these two relaysserves to connectl one terminal of all of the key magnets 20 in onelongitudinal row to one lead from the battery and o ne terminal of allof the key magnets in one transverse row to the other lead from thebattery, and the battery circuit being closed through one key magnetonly so that only one key magnet will e energized by the local battery,and this one corresponds in position to the key that 1s operated at thetransmitting station. l

Therefore, in the manner described, by manipulating any of theforty-nine keys at the transmitting station the corresponding key at thereceiving station will be operated by a local electric current. Also,the currentwill continue to fiow through the key magnet of the receivingstation all the time that the particular transmitting key is held in thecircuit closing position. I claim as my invention t 1. A type-writingtelegraph system comprising in combination, transmitting keys andreceiving keys similarly arranged in longitudinal rows and in transverserows, a generator having one main grounded, a pair of line wires, ashort longitudinal main for each longitudinal row of keys and a shorttransverse main for each transverse row of keys, the short longitudinalmains for the transmitting keys being each connected to one of the saidline wires through a resistance, the short transverse mains for thetransmitting keys bein each connected to the other line wire throug aresistance, a relay positioned in line with each of the rows of l keysat the receivin station, the relays in line with the longitu inal rowsof keys being connected in series with one line wire, the

relays in line with the transverse rowsl of keys being connected inseries with the other line wire, a magnet for each receiving key havingthe terminals connected one to the corresponding short longitudinal mainand the other to the corresponding short transverse main, therelaysbeing double contact row so as to connect the lcontact arms for'switch'consisting of a moving contact arm and two contact pointscoperating therewith, the contact arms being connected to a source ofcurrent, one resistance for each longitudinal row being connected to oneof the contacts for all of the keys in the corresponding longitudinalrow, another resistance for each transverse row being connected to theother contacts for all of the keys in the corresponding transverse row,all of the first mentioned resistances being connected to one main linewire and all of the other resistances being connected to another linewire.

3. A type-writing telegraph system comprising receiving means consistingof a set of keys having individual operating magnets, the said keysbeing arranged in long1- tudinal and transverse rows, a longitudinalrelay for each longitudinal row, a transverse relay for each transverserow, the longitudinal relays being connected in series to one main line,the transverse relays being connected in series to another main line, alocalbattery, the magnets in each llongitudinal row having one terminalconnected to a common short longitudinal main, the magnets in eachtransverse row having the other terminal connected to a common shorttransverse main, the relays being double contact devices, and each relaybeing operative to alternatively connect the adjacent relay to one ofthe leads from the battery and ticular relay. g

FREDERICK GHIO.

